400-820-0859things coaches should know托福听力原文翻译及问题答案
一、things coaches should know托福听力原文：
NARRATOR:Listen to part of a lecture in a Sports Management class.
FEMALE PROFESSOR:So...I want to end today with a topic that many of you have had questions about when you’ve come to see me during my office hours.A lot of you have told me you're specifically interested in careers as coaches.
Now,it doesn't matter what sport you’re interested in coaching...volleyball,basketball,swimming...there are some considerations for all new coaches to think about as they plan their careers.
A recent study–a survey of high-school head coaches–helped identify some obstacles...some things that head coaches felt they were not prepared for as they began their careers.They were surveyed to determine what things they would do differently if they were starting their careers over again.Based on their responses,several themes emerged.
The largest number of responses was in the area of relationships–79 percent of the coaches indicated that,if they had it to do all over again,they would do things differently in this area.They said they'd deal differently with assistant coaches,parents,student-athletes,school administration...and,and pay more attention to those relationships.
The second most critical area for these coaches was organization and administration.To them,this meant things like better managing their budgets and delegating responsibilities...making sure that even minor things were taken care of—like pregame meals...those sorts of things.
MALE STUDENT:Excuse me,Professor.I know good nutrition is important,but organizing pre-game meals isn't really something you consider when you're thinking about going into coaching as a career...
FEMALE PROFESSOR:No.I guess not,Kenny.But…it's more an example of paying attention to the details...being organized.
I do want to emphasize that the profession of coaching is about more than just wins and losses.In fact,winning is probably stressed too much.At its best,I'd say coaching–especially in high school and college–is about teaching life skills through game strategy.Of course coaching requires a specialized body of knowledge–if you coach tennis,you need to know the rules of tennis...if you're a football coach,you need to know all about football strategies–and those are the sorts of things that you'll get in your classes here at the university...But if coaches spend too much of their time on game strategy,well…y’see maybe that's secondary to...to the knowledge and skills you'll need for the other roles you'll undertake as a coach–especially,as that survey emphasized,skills in dealing with people and,and administration…
MALE STUDENT:But how do you...how do you improve in those areas?I mean,...I'm gonna be an assistant coach at a high school,beginning next month,and...
FEMALE STUDENT:Really?Nice going,Kenny!
FEMALE PROFESSOR:Yes.That's wonderful!
MALE STUDENT:Thanks.I’m excited.
FEMALE PROFESSOR:So...Congratulations!Okay,well,to get better organized,one thing is...take courses in business management...and not just the sports management courses in the Physical Education department...other business and finance courses...Oh!But wait a minute.You said you’re starting next month?What sport will you be coaching?
MALE STUDENT:Gymnastics,mainly
FEMALE PROFESSOR:OK,In my career,I've learned,well...as part of building and maintaining strong relationships,and working on administrative skills,you’ve got to consider the other needs of your team,beyond the sport itself...
Remember the team members are athletes and students.Um...and remember that if you’re enthusiastic about what you're doing...well,enthusiasm is catching,right?You want team members to enjoy participating.
MALE STUDENT:Right,but what about setting rules for your team?And is it better to be strict or not so strict?
FEMALE PROFESSOR:Actually,I don't believe in having a lot of rules.And coaches often do have too many.I think that can get in the way of leadership and box you in.I think people sometimes set rules just to make things easier for themselves.That way,maybe later they just can refer to the rule and avoid making a choice.You know the kind of person I'm talking about,right?
But that's not to say the team shouldn't have any rules at all.Of course they need some.So,early in a season,or when you first take a new job,establish a few basic ground rules for what is acceptable and non-acceptable behavior.
FEMALE STUDENT:So what are some good ones?
FEMALE PROFESSOR:Well,a couple rules a coach should have are–insist...that players be on time...and insist they practice hard and give their best effort.And when you do establish a rule,stick to it.
二、things coaches should know托福听力中文翻译：
旁白：听体育管理课的一部分讲座。
女教授：所以…今天我想以一个话题结束，你们中的许多人都有疑问，你们什么时候在我的办公时间来看我。你们中的很多人都告诉我，你们对教练职业特别感兴趣。
现在，你对什么运动感兴趣并不重要……排球、篮球、游泳……所有新教练在规划职业生涯时都需要考虑一些因素。
最近的一项研究——一项对高中主教练的调查——帮助确定了一些障碍……一些主教练在开始职业生涯时认为他们没有做好准备的事情。他们接受了调查，以确定如果他们重新开始职业生涯，他们会做些什么不同的事情。根据他们的答复，出现了几个主题。
回应最多的是在人际关系方面——79%的教练表示，如果他们不得不重来一次，他们会在这方面采取不同的做法。他们说，他们会以不同的方式处理助理教练、家长、学生运动员、学校管理……并更加关注这些人际关系。
对这些教练来说，第二个最关键的领域是组织和管理。对他们来说，这意味着更好地管理他们的预算和委派责任……确保即使是小事情也能得到处理，比如赛前膳食……诸如此类的事情。
男学生：打扰一下，教授。我知道良好的营养很重要，但当你考虑以教练为职业时，组织赛前膳食并不是你真正要考虑的事情。
女教授：不，我想不是，肯尼。但是…这更像是一个关注细节的例子。正在组织。
我想强调的是，教练的职业不仅仅是输赢。事实上，获胜可能压力太大了。在最好的情况下，我认为教练——特别是在高中和大学——是通过游戏策略教授生活技能。当然，教练需要专业的知识体系——如果你是网球教练，你需要知道网球规则……如果你是足球教练，你必须知道所有关于足球策略的知识——这些都是你在大学课堂上会学到的东西……但如果教练花太多时间在比赛策略上，嗯……你看，这可能是仅次于……你作为教练所需的知识和技能——尤其是，正如该调查所强调的，与人打交道的技能和管理技能…
男学生：但是你如何…你如何在这些方面提高？我是说，从下个月开始，我将成为一所高中的助理教练，而且。
女学生：真的吗？干得好，肯尼！
女教授：是的。太好了！
男学生：谢谢。我很兴奋。
女教授：那么……恭喜你！好吧，为了更好地组织起来，一件事是…学习商业管理课程…而不仅仅是体育系的体育管理课程…其他商业和金融课程…哦！但是等一下。你说你下个月就要开始了？你将指导哪项运动？
男学生：主要是体操
女教授：好的，在我的职业生涯中，我学到了……作为建立和维护牢固关系的一部分，以及管理技能的工作，你必须考虑你的团队的其他需求，而不仅仅是运动本身。。。
请记住，团队成员是运动员和学生。嗯……记住，如果你对自己所做的事充满热情……那么，热情就是吸引人的，对吧？您希望团队成员享受参与。
男学生：是的，但是为你的团队制定规则怎么样？严格还是不严格更好？
女教授：事实上，我不相信有很多规则。而教练们往往有太多的时间。我认为这会妨碍你的领导能力，让你陷入困境。我认为人们有时制定规则只是为了让自己更容易。那样的话，也许以后他们可以参照规则，避免做出选择。你知道我说的那种人，对吧？
但这并不是说球队不应该有任何规则。他们当然需要一些。因此，在赛季初，或者当你第一次接受新工作时，为哪些行为是可接受的，哪些行为是不可接受的建立一些基本规则。
女学生：那么什么是好的呢？
女教授：好吧，教练应该有几条规则——坚持……球员要准时……坚持他们刻苦训练并尽最大努力。当你建立了一个规则，坚持它。
三、things coaches should know托福听力问题：
Q1:1.What does the professor mainly discuss?
A.Different types of physical training that athletes might require
B.Strategies for getting a job as the head coach of a sports team
C.Aspects of a coach's job beyond knowledge about sports
D.Reasons why coaches should focus on winning games
Q2:2.Based on the survey discussed by the professor,what are the two main areas to which new coaches should give more attention?[Click on 2 answers.]
A.Increasing their knowledge of game strategies
B.Improving their organizational skills
C.Building and maintaining strong relationships
D.Stressing the importance of athletes'academic studies
Q3:3.Why does the professor mention pregame meals?
A.To emphasize the importance of good nutrient for athletes
B.To suggest a good time for coaches to talk about game strategy
C.To point out that coaches often spend too much time on scheduling
D.To give an example of the need for coaches to be more detail oriented
Q4:4.What is the professor's opinion about coaches who focus mainly on strategies for winning games?
A.They should study these game strategies outside the university.
B.They should concentrate on the sport they are most interested in.
C.They are neglecting other skills that may be more important.
D.They will probably become the most successful coaches.
Q5:5.What does the professor imply about coaches who establish a lot of rules for team members?
A.They have problems enforcing the rules.
B.They rely on rules to avoid having to make decisions.
C.They usually relax the rules as they become more familiar with their players.
D.They are not popular but they are efficient.
Q6:6.Why does the professor say this:?
A.To insist that the student needs to remember what he has just been told
B.To acknowledge that her suggestion is not very practical
C.To emphasize how impressed she is by the student’s achievement
D.To imply that the student is not yet ready to begin coaching
四、things coaches should know托福听力答案：
A1:正确答案：C
A2:正确答案：BC
A3:正确答案：D
A4:正确答案：C
A5:正确答案：B
A6:正确答案：B
