400-820-0859Modern Dance托福听力原文翻译及问题答案
一、Modern Dance托福听力原文：
NARRATOR:Listen to part of a lecture in a dance history class.MALE PROFESSOR:As we've been studying,ballet,classical ballet,is based on formalized movements:specific positioning of the arms,of the feet,and the body.So,now let's move on to modern dance,also known as"theatrical dance." Modern dance evolved in the late nineteenth-early twentieth century,and in most cases,audiences were very receptive to this radical new type of performing art.
FEMALE STUDENT:Um,what made modern dance so radical?MALE PROFESSOR:Well,for example,I think the best analogy to modern dance is modern art or modern music. Compared to their classical predecessors,these newer art forms are freer,more experimental,more improvisational.
Modern dance seeks to show how deep emotions...and the music itself...how these intangible attributes can affect and inspire physical movement and how movement can convey emotions to the audience.As-as I said,in classical ballet,emotions are conveyed through a set of strictly formalized movements.Now,a pioneer of modern dance was Isadora Duncan,who was born in 1878...Isadora Duncan did study ballet briefly as a child,but she quickly developed her own unique style,which she called"free dance."And,by age fourteen,she was teaching her free dance to young children and giving recitals.
Her early dance technique was loosely based on the natural movements of children:running,skipping,acting out stories;also on motions from nature:uh,waves crashing onto shore,trees swaying in the wind.Her expressive gestures were motivated from within rather than being dictated by strict technique.
Duncan also wore her hair down;ballerinas typically wear their hair in a tight bun behind the head. And instead of the short stiff skirts and rigid toe shoes worn by ballerinas,Duncan wore loose,flowing tunics,and she danced barefoot.Now,that was something her audiences had never seen before!
Duncan performed in Paris and other European cities,dancing to the music of classical composers but avoiding set movements and steps.No two performances were alike,and audiences,for the most part,adored her.
In 1904,she opened a school of modern dance in Berlin. And the next year,she performed in Russia. But...the Russian critics were not very kind.Some said Duncan's art form was closer to pantomime than to dance. But,her style was a clear rebellion against ballet,and ballet is extremely important in Russia.A question,Julie?
FEMALE STUDENT:Yeah,what did Duncan have against ballet?I mean,she studied it as a child...MALE PROFESSOR:As a youngster,she may have found it too restrictive,uh,not creative enough. I think that feeling is exemplified by something that happened...early in her career...in Russia.Duncan attended a ballet,and the lead dancer was the renowned Russian ballerina Anna Pavlova.The following day,Pavlova invited Duncan to watch her practice.
Duncan accepted but was appalled by what she saw.To her,the exercises that Pavlova and the other ballerinas were doing seemed painful,even harmful—standing on tiptoe for hours,moving their bodies in unnatural ways.After seeing this,Duncan publicly denounced ballet as a form of acrobatics—um,complicated and excruciating mechanism,...she called it.This critique generated,I think,some undue rivalry between ballet and modern dance.And it would take a long time,many years in fact,for that rivalry to calm down.
二、Modern Dance托福听力中文翻译：
旁白：在舞蹈历史课上听一节课的一部分。男教授：正如我们所研究的，芭蕾舞，古典芭蕾舞，是基于形式化的动作：手臂、脚和身体的特定位置。那么，现在让我们来看看现代舞，也被称为“戏剧舞蹈”&nbsp；现代舞蹈是在十九世纪末二十世纪初发展起来的，在大多数情况下，观众对这种激进的新型表演艺术都非常接受。
女生：嗯，是什么让现代舞如此激进？男教授：例如，我认为现代舞最好的类比是现代艺术或现代音乐&nbsp；与他们的古典前辈相比，这些新的艺术形式更自由、更具实验性、更具即兴性。
现代舞试图表现出深沉的情感。。。音乐本身。。。这些无形属性如何影响和激发身体运动，以及运动如何向观众传达情感。正如我所说，在古典芭蕾舞中，情感是通过一系列严格形式化的动作来传达的。现在，现代舞的先驱是伊莎多拉·邓肯，她出生于1878年。。。伊莎多拉·邓肯（IsadoraDuncan）小时候学习过芭蕾舞，但她很快就形成了自己独特的风格，她称之为“自由舞”14岁时，她开始教孩子们自由舞，并举行独奏会。
她早期的舞蹈技巧大致基于孩子们的自然动作：跑、跳、表演故事；还有来自大自然的运动：海浪拍岸，树木在风中摇摆。她的表情来自内心，而不是严格的技巧。
邓肯也把头发梳下来；芭蕾舞演员通常把头发紧紧地扎在脑后&nbsp；邓肯穿着宽松飘逸的束腰外衣，赤脚跳舞，而不是芭蕾舞演员穿的短裙和硬脚趾鞋。现在，这是她的观众从未见过的！
邓肯在巴黎和其他欧洲城市表演，随着古典作曲家的音乐跳舞，但避免固定动作和舞步。没有两场演出是一样的，大部分观众都崇拜她。
1904年，她在柏林开办了一所现代舞学校&nbsp；第二年，她在俄罗斯演出&nbsp；但是俄罗斯的批评者并不友善。有人说邓肯的艺术形式更接近于哑剧而非舞蹈&nbsp；但是，她的风格显然是对芭蕾舞的反叛，芭蕾舞在俄罗斯极为重要。问个问题Julie？
女生：是的，邓肯对芭蕾舞有什么看法？我是说，她小时候学的。。。男教授：作为一个年轻人，她可能会觉得它太狭隘了，呃，不够有创意&nbsp；我认为这种感觉可以从发生的事情中得到体现。。。在她的职业生涯早期。。。在俄罗斯。邓肯参加了一个芭蕾舞团，领队是著名的俄罗斯芭蕾舞演员安娜·巴甫洛娃。第二天，巴甫洛娃邀请邓肯观看她的练习。
邓肯接受了，但被她所看到的震惊了。对她来说，巴甫洛娃和其他芭蕾舞演员所做的练习似乎很痛苦，甚至是有害的，踮着脚尖数小时，以不自然的方式移动身体。看到这一点后，邓肯公开谴责芭蕾舞是一种杂技，嗯，复杂而痛苦的机制，。。。她叫它。我认为，这种批评在芭蕾舞和现代舞之间产生了一些不正当的竞争。事实上，这场对抗需要很长时间，很多年才能平息下来。
三、Modern Dance托福听力问题：
Q1:1.What is the lecture mainly about?[Click on 2 answers.]
A.Differences between apical ballet and modem dance
B.Ways in which modern dance changed during the twentieth century
C.Factors that limited Isadora Duncan's opportunities to perform
D.A pioneer of a new type of performing art
Q2:2.Why does the professor mention modern art and modern music?
A.To illustrate how different art forms can interact with one another
B.To identity some characteristics shared by all forms of artistic expression
C.To explain that modem dance also broke with traditions
D.To compare the attitudes of European and American critics to modern dance
Q3:3.What were two characteristics of Isadora Duncan's dance performances?[Click on 2 answers.]
A.She danced to contemporary musical compositions.
B.She wore free-flowing costumes.
C.She used set designs inspired by nature.
D.She danced without shoes.
Q4:4.Why does the professor mention that Duncan watched Anna Pavlova practice?
A.To help explain how Duncan’s opinion of ballet was formed
B.To show how modern dance began to spread throughout the works
C.To reinforce the importance of dancers working together
D.To help explain why Duncan decided to become a professional dancer
Q5:5.What does the professor imply about the rivalry between classical ballet and modern dance?
A.Audiences have generally been unaware of it.
B.Critics tend to exaggerate Duncan's role in it.
C.It is not as strong now as it was in Duncan's time.
D.It increased as modern dance became more popular than classical ballet.
Q6:6.Why does the professor say this?
A.To explain why Duncan was invited to perform in Russia.
B.To indicate that the Russian government strongly supported ballet.
C.To explain why there were more dance critics in Russia than in most other countries.
D.To help explain why Duncan’s style was not appreciated by some dance critics.
四、Modern Dance托福听力答案：
A1:正确答案：AD
A2:正确答案：C
A3:正确答案：BD
A4:正确答案：A
A5:正确答案：C
A6:正确答案：D
